Sensing devices are key nodes for information detection, processing, and conversion and are widely applied in different fields such as industrial production, environmental monitoring, and defense. However, increasing demand of these devices has complicated the application scenarios and diversified the detection targets thereby promoting the continuous development of sensing materials and detection methods. In recent years, Tin+1CnTx (n = 1, 2, 3) MXenes with outstanding optical, electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties have been developed as ideal candidates of sensing materials to apply in physical, chemical, and biological sensing fields. In this review, depending on optical and electrical sensing signals, we systematically summarize the application of Tin+1CnTx in nine categories of sensors such as strain, gas, and fluorescence sensors. The excellent sensing properties of Tin+1CnTx allow its further development in emerging intelligent and bionic devices, including smart flexible devices, bionic E-skin, neural network coding and learning, bionic soft robot, as well as intelligent artificial eardrum, which are all discussed briefly in this review. Finally, we present a positive outlook on the potential future challenges and perspectives of MXene-based sensors. MXenes have shown a vigorous development momentum in sensing applications and can drive the development of an increasing number of new technologies.

研究了负折射介质中非线性色散效应对调制不稳定性的影响，揭示了若干新的不稳定性现象。得到了有任意高阶线性与非线性色散效应情形下调制不稳定性增益谱的表达式，结果表明：所有偶次非线性色散不但会影响原来的不稳定性，而且可能会导致新的不稳定性区域；而所有的奇次非线性色散将始终抑制调制不稳定性，且与其符号的正负无关。进一步研究了由色散磁导率所诱导的二阶非线性色散效应对调制不稳定性的影响。研究发现它不但能使在常规介质中不可能出现的调制不稳定性现象也能出现，而且可能会导致在无限带宽的调制频率范围内发生新的不稳定性现象，且其增益值将随调制频率的增大而单调增大。